منابع مشابه
Virus-encoded superantigens.
Superantigens are microbial agents that have a strong effect on the immune response of the host. Their initial target is the T lymphocyte, but a whole cascade of immunological reactions ensues. It is thought that the microbe engages the immune system of the host to its own advantage, to facilitate persistent infection and/or transmission. In this review, we discuss in detail the structure and f...
متن کاملEndogenous superantigens shape response to exogenous superantigens.
Endogenous superantigen-mediated thymic negative selection resulted in a paucity of mature T cells bearing T-cell receptor (TCR) Vbeta8 in the periphery. Consequently, the magnitude of immune response to exogenous superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B, which activates TCR Vbeta8(+) T cells, was significantly reduced and conferred protection from superantigen-induced mortality.
متن کاملVirus-Encoded Ribonucleotide Reductases
Ribonucleotide reductases [EC 1.17.4.] are a group of enzymes which critically contribute to the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleotides (dNTPs), the monomeric precursors of DNA polymerization. By a radical reaction mechanism, they catalyze the reduction of the ribonucleotides, ADP, GDP, CDP, and UDP, mostly at the diphosphate level, to their deoxy conterparts dADP, dGDP, dCDP, and dUDP, respectiv...
متن کاملImmune cell activation by enterotoxin gene cluster (egc)-encoded and non-egc superantigens from Staphylococcus aureus.
The species Staphylococcus aureus harbors 19 superantigen gene loci, six of which are located in the enterotoxin gene cluster (egc). Although these egc superantigens are far more prevalent in clinical S. aureus isolates than non-egc superantigens, they are not a prominent cause of toxic shock. Moreover, neutralizing Abs against egc superantigens are very rare, even among carriers of egc-positiv...
متن کاملEndogenous Mtv-encoded superantigens are not required for development of murine AIDS.
Immune activation in murine AIDS (MAIDS) has been suggested to involve a superantigen (SAG). The possibility that SAGs encoded by mammary tumor virus (MTV) might be the source of stimulation was studied by using Mtv mice. Mtv- mice developed typical MAIDS, excluding a requirement for Mtv-encoded SAGs in the pathogenesis of this disorder.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Microbiological reviews
سال: 1996
ISSN: 0146-0749
DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.60.3.473-482.1996